Tricuspid regurgitation (TR) occurs when the tricuspid valve does not close properly, allowing blood to flow backward into the right atrium and reducing the amount of blood that flows to the rest of the body. Treatment options for TI include medical therapy, open-heart surgery or transcatheter interventions. Caval valve implantation, or "CAVI" in short, is an emerging transcatheter intervention for patients with TR who are at high surgical risk.

A total of five studies, including one RCT (n=28 patients) and four case series (n=105 patients), were included to assess the efficacy and safety of CAVI. The studies suggest a similar (marginal) efficacy of CAVI compared to optimal medical therapy, but with an additional risk of life-threatening procedure-related adverse events.